Network Communication Protocols

The following article describes the common network protocols used for IoT connectivity. These protocols define how IoT devices transmit data over networks.

• TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) – A connection-oriented protocol ensuring reliable data delivery. Used in IoT applications where data integrity is essential (e.g., industrial monitoring, remote healthcare).

• UDP (User Datagram Protocol) – A faster, connectionless protocol without delivery guarantees. Used in real-time applications like IoT sensor updates and video streaming.

• DNS (Domain Name System) – Translates domain names (e.g., iotdevice.example.com) into IP addresses, allowing IoT devices to communicate with servers or cloud services without needing to remember IP addresses.

• MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) – A lightweight, publish-subscribe messaging protocol optimized for IoT devices with limited power and bandwidth.

• CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) – A lightweight alternative to HTTP, designed for constrained IoT devices in low-power networks.

• HTTP/HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) – Used for cloud-connected IoT applications but can be heavy for low-power devices.

• AMQP (Advanced Message Queuing Protocol) – A robust, message-oriented protocol used in industrial IoT (IIoT) and enterprise applications.